Biology / Bio 0775 · Atom · ~20 seconds
Internal Receptors
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An internal receptor sits in the cytoplasm and binds a hydrophobic ligand small enough to cross the membrane unaided, often acting on gene expression.
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A steroid hormone diffuses in, binds its receptor, and the complex moves into the nucleus to switch a gene on.
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Do not assume this needs a second-messenger cascade — the complex acts on DNA directly, without transduction.