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Rule Utilitarianism

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Rule utilitarianism: follow the rules whose general adoption maximizes happiness—even when breaking a rule would score better in the single case.

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A no-harvesting rule beats case-by-case surgery arithmetic: hospitals people fear to enter make everyone worse off.

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The dilemma: keep a rule when breaking it helps, and you worship rules; break it, and you are back to act-by-act.