Biology / Bio 1905 · Atom · ~20 seconds
Viral Receptors and Host Specificity
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A virus attaches only to host cells bearing a matching surface receptor, which sets which species and cell types it can infect.
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HIV binds the CD4 receptor on T lymphocytes; a cell lacking CD4 cannot be infected by that binding route.
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A viral receptor is a normal host-cell molecule the virus exploits— the cell did not evolve it to admit viruses.